ORNAMENTAL MOTIFS IN THE SNIZHAR PRODUCTS OF THE 17TH AND 18TH CENTURIES

Abstract

The article deals with the Ukrainian ornamental motifs on the Baroque snitzer products. The historical process of their formation and development is studied. The objects whose decoration was the most popular are indicated. The stylistic changes in ornamentation over time are traced. The ornaments characteristic of different regions of Ukraine in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries are identified. The features of their formation and techniques of execution are analyzed. The most common decorative motifs inherent in the Baroque period are highlighted. Compositional combinations and independent elements. Their symbolic meaning, which was associated with the pagan ideas of our ancestors, is clarified. The author traces the connection of Ukrainian snitryars with folk traditions. Their subtle artistic sense with which they mastered new techniques and stylistic forms of the Baroque style, which was widespread at that time, is described. The article describes original compositions with floral, zoomorphic, and geometric elements, the peculiarities of their carving on wooden products, and their symbolic meaning. The location of the ornament, which was determined by the purpose of the object, its shape and design, is also described. The monuments of the seventeenth and eighteenth century Snytsia craft with carved ornaments are studied. Among them are church items (crosses, icons, iconostases, candlesticks), household items (dishes, furniture), and musical instruments (flutes, dents, flutes, banduras). Separately, the article analyzes the carved ornaments of iconostases and royal gates of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, which are enhanced by Baroque trends. They consisted of many columns, arches, architraves, and small decorative elements surrounding the icons. Their entire surface was covered with openwork carvings. The article reveals the widespread use of ornamental motifs depicting local flora (bunches and leaves of grapes, roses, pears, apples, nuts, plums, mallows), exotic plants (lemons, pomegranates, acanthus leaves), and zoomorphic motifs (birds, lion heads). Their symbolic meaning in carved compositions is determined.